Martin Hengel Crucifixion Pdf Do
Crucifixion in the Ancient World and the Folly of the Message of the Cross by Martin Hengel
Crucifixion is one of the most horrific and shameful forms of execution in human history. It was widely used by various ancient civilizations, especially by the Romans, who reserved it for the worst criminals, rebels, and slaves. The crucifixion of Jesus Christ is the central event of Christianity, but it also poses a paradox: how can the Son of God suffer such a vile and humiliating death? How can Christians proclaim a crucified Messiah as their Lord and Savior?
In this book, Martin Hengel, a renowned scholar of early Christianity and Judaism, examines the historical, cultural, and theological aspects of crucifixion in the ancient world. He traces the origins and development of this brutal method of execution, its symbolism and significance in different cultures, and its impact on the Christian faith. He also explores the various attempts to remove or domesticate the scandal of the cross, such as docetism, which denied the reality of Jesus' suffering, and allegorical interpretations, which spiritualized the meaning of his death.
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Hengel argues that the cross of Christ is not only a historical fact, but also a theological necessity. He shows that the cross reveals the love and justice of God, who took upon himself the sin and suffering of humanity. He also demonstrates that the cross is not a sign of weakness or defeat, but of power and victory. The cross is the ultimate expression of God's self-revelation and salvation in history.
This book is a classic work of historical and theological scholarship that has influenced many generations of readers. It is based on Hengel's original German work, Mors turpissima crucis (The Most Shameful Death of the Cross), which was published in 1975. It was translated into English by John Bowden and published by Fortress Press in 1977. It contains extensive references to ancient sources and modern studies, as well as indexes of ancient authors and modern scholars.
If you are interested in learning more about crucifixion in the ancient world and its implications for Christian theology, you can download a free PDF copy of this book from [the Internet Archive]. You can also buy an eBook version from [Google Books] or read a related paper by James R. Edwards on [Academia.edu].